Narrative text adalah pelajaran yang cukup sering kita jumpai di SMP maupun di SMA. Di dalam pelajaran ini siswa dituntut untuk menceritakan cerita fiktif atau dongeng. Selain itu mereka juga harus memahami unsur intrinsik, generic structure, dan juga menganalisa moral value dari cerita. Tanpa basa basi lagi mari kita langsung saja ke materi.
 |
| sumber gambar : http://www.bestnarrative.com/ |
Apa itu Narrative Text?
Narrative text adalah cerita fiksi atau cerita karangan yang dibuat untuk menghibur pembaca. Narrative text biasanya kita jumpai dalam bentuk dongeng, cerita rakyat, maupun cerita fiksional lainnya. Tujuan Narrative text, seperti yang sudah disebutkan diatas adalah untuk menghibur pembaca/ pendengar dalam suatu cerita dengan kejadian berurutan yang mengarah ke dalam suatu klimaks, dan akhirnya menemukan penyelesaian.
Generic Structure dari Narrative Text
Narrative text mempunyai 3 susunan struktur seperti berikut ini:
- OrientationBagian Orientation berisi tentang pengenalan tokoh-tokoh, latar belakang tempat dan waktu dari cerita. (siapa, apa, kapan, dan dimana)
- ComplicationPada bagian complication, masalah-masalah mulai muncul dan harus di selesaikan oleh tokoh utama pada cerita tersebut.
- ResolutionResolution adalah dimana cerita berakhir. Pada bagian ini masalah terselesaikan oleh si tokoh utama. Dalam bagian Resolution juga biasanya terdapat moral value atau nasihat dari cerita tersebut atau yang biasa disebut juga dengan Coda.
Penggunaan Grammar dalam Narrative Text
Dalam Narrative text kita harus menggunakan bentuk lampau atau past, karena cerita ini merupakan cerita karangan atau fiksi. Bentuk tenses bisa menggunakan past perfect, past continuous, past perfect continuous, atau bisa saja past future continuous. Semua aturan ini tidak harus dijadikan sebagai acuan karena tenses itu mengacu kepada kondisi dan situasi kalimat.
Ciri – Ciri Narrative Text
- Menggunakan Action Verb dalam bentuk Past Tense. Misalnya : Walked, Said, Wondered, dsb.
- Menggunakan Nouns tertentu sebagai kata ganti orang, hewan dan benda tertentu dalam cerita. Misalnya : the princess, the girl, the queen, dsb.
- Menggunakan Adjectives yang membentuk noun phrase. Misalnya : The red riding hood, the poisoned apple, dsb.
- Menggunakan Time Connectives dan Conjunctions untuk mengurutkan kejadian-kejadian. Misalnya : before, after, then, next,soon, dsb.
- Menggunakan Adverbs dan Adverbial Phrase untuk menunjukkan lokasi kejadian atau peristiwa. Misalnya : on the sea, in the mountain, there, happily ever after, dsb
Contoh Cerita Narrative Text
The Legend of Malin Kundang
(Orientation)
A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang’s father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother
(Events)
Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town. One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant’s ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates.
The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone. Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”. An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother.
She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her “Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!” After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness. Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn’t apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail
(Resolution)
In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly,
he turned into a stone.
Terjemahannya:
The Legend of Malin Kundang
(Orietation)
A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang’s father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother
(Events)
Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town. One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant’s ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates.
The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone. Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”. An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother.
She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her “Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!” After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness. Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn’t apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail
(Resolution)
In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly,
he turned into a stone.
Sumber : http://www.jagoanbahasainggris.com